Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Background: Metabolic syndrome, identified as a global health crisis by WHO, affects 20-25% of the population, doubling the risk of death and tripling heart attack risk. Its prevalence is notably higher in those with psychiatric disorders, complicating treatment. Patients often exhibit metabolic abnormalities beyond central obesity, including hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. Metabolic profiling, measuring metabolites' response to stimuli, offers insights into these conditions.
Aim of the study: The study aims to examine the metabolic profile of psychiatric patients at a tertiary care hospital in Khulna, Bangladesh.
Methods: The study, conducted at Gazi Medical College and Hospital in Khulna, Bangladesh, from January 2021 to December 2023, involved 320 patients with psychiatric conditions. A semi-structured questionnaire gathered socio-demographic data after obtaining consent. Inclusion criteria for the control group included individuals of any age with a minimum six-month history of psychiatric illness. In contrast, exclusion criteria for the case group included chronic medical illness and pregnancy. Statistical analysis focused on patients completing a six-month follow-up utilizing SPSS software.
Result: The study examined 320 psychiatric patients, predominantly aged 11-21 years, with males comprising 52.5% and females 45.31%. Most patients were students or self-employed, with 40% having below primary education. Predominant psychiatric disorders were depressive disorder (37.81%), OCD (38.13%), and anxiety disorders (34.06%). Random Blood Sugar levels varied, with 58.44% normal and 40% elevated, averaging 7.01 mmol/L. Lipid profiles showed mean total cholesterol at 201.24 mg/dl, triglycerides at 195.57 mg/dl, HDL at 37.82 mg/dl, and LDL at 124.19 mg/dl. Metabolic syndrome prevalence was 37.19%. 
Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence of metabolic issues in psychiatric patients in Khulna, Bangladesh, posing a significant public health concern. Results show high metabolic disturbances, particularly in lipid profiles, varying by age and gender. Comprehensive metabolic assessments and interventions targeting modifiable risk factors are crucial in mental health care.